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		<title>PS,</title>
		<link>http://thefranciscanmirror.wordpress.com/2008/03/24/ps/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 24 Mar 2008 15:07:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>frankahilario</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[‘PS comma’ is how to read my little title; it’s a mantra born in my mind just this morning, March 24, Manila time. It is a new mantra for creative thinking; reminiscent of Edward de Bono&#8217;s &#8216;Po&#8217; (no comma), I’m &#8230; <a href="http://thefranciscanmirror.wordpress.com/2008/03/24/ps/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a><img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=thefranciscanmirror.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3248004&amp;post=5&amp;subd=thefranciscanmirror&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://frankahilario.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/who-else-what-else-248.JPG" title="who-else-what-else-248.JPG"><img src="http://frankahilario.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/who-else-what-else-248.JPG" alt="who-else-what-else-248.JPG" /></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span>‘PS comma’ is how to read my little title; it’s a mantra born in my mind just this morning, March 24, Manila time. It is a </span></b><b><span>new </span></b><b><span>mantra for creative thinking; reminiscent of Edward de Bono&#8217;s &#8216;Po&#8217; (no comma), I’m offering it as a mind-blogging phrase for you to mine your gray matter and come out with copious ideas. The service is free &#8211; it comes from you; you help yourself.</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Contrary to grammatical rules, my comma is not meant to indicate a pause, a temporary stop; instead, my comma is meant to be a prompt, to indicate a request to finish a silent ‘and?’ and a silent ‘so?’ and a silent ‘however?’ and a silent ‘nonetheless?’ and a silent ‘nevertheless?’ and a silent ‘but?’ and a silent ‘for?’ and a silent ‘nor?’ and a silent ‘yet?’ and a silent ‘or?’ Silence means &#8216;Yes?&#8217;<br />
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>If nothing else, ‘PS,’ reminds you to relax, to be not serious. I’m not serious when I’m brainstorming, and that’s exactly why I’m creative! No Writer&#8217;s Block whatsoever.<br />
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Of course, my ‘PS,’ comes from ‘PS, I love you’ – which I have explained earlier in ‘A Thinker’s Faith. Rebel Thinker Writes, ‘<a href="http://frankahilario.com//?p=365">PS, I Love You</a>’ (frankahilario.com) – where I first presented ‘PS’ as a mantra for creative thinking. If you have ever written a letter, you already know that ‘PS’ means <i>postscript</i>, that which is done <i>after</i> writing, something you remembered to say after you have written your complimentary close. As I use it here, ‘PS’ means <i>prescript</i>, that which is done <i>before </i>writing. This morning I came up with the comma after ‘PS’ and that I will explain in a little while.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>In Hindu and Buddhist practice, a mantra is ‘a sacred word, chant, or sound that is repeated during meditation to facilitate spiritual power and transformation of consciousness’ (<b>Encarta Dictionaries</b> 2007). A mantra is a ‘<a href="http://www.iivs.de/%7Eiivs01311/SDLE/Glossary.htm">mental device, instrument of thought</a>’ (iivs.de). Often, a mantra is only <a href="http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/history/glossary_lr.htm">1 or 2 syllables</a> (buddhanet.net), but it can be <a href="http://www.well.com/%7Ejct/sageglo.htm">a series of syllables</a> (well.com). My ‘PS,’ or ‘PS comma’ is 4 syllables, so number is not a problem here. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Now, why am I offering ‘PS,’ as mantra? Because I had a flash of insight. Because it’s a very simple way of reaching any level of consciousness in creativity. ‘OM’ as mantra to reach the ‘<a href="http://www.swamij.com/om.htm">7 levels of consciousness</a>’ (swamij.com) is too serious for me, but you get the idea. Saying ‘PS comma’ is in fact fooling around with the mind, about which I have already written (‘<a href="http://frankahilario.com//?p=356">PC Fools</a>. The Rebel Writer Writes Of Slaves &amp; Masters,’ frankahilario.com). With ‘PS,’ you are in fact trying to seduce yourself into a mental state of creativity, if fleetingly – and that’s all the time you need! Believe me. Been there, done that.<span>  </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>‘PS’ – noon today, when I was trying to collect notes on the acronym, I thought of Sony’s PlayStation and, surfing, clicked on <b>Wikipedia</b>. And now, here is a lesson in creative thinking from <i>my</i> <a href="http://frankahilario.com//?p=357">Serendipity X</a> and <i>their</i> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayStation">Wikipedia</a> on the subject of Sony’s PlayStation (PS). The head note on the PlayStation section says (en.wikipedia.org):</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span>The current version of this article or section is written in an informal style and with a personally invested tone. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayStation">It reads more like a story than an encyclopedia entry</a>.</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Very funny. What Wikipedia <i>does</i> <i>not</i> encourage is exactly what I <i>do</i> encourage because that’s how I write: personal, fervent.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>So, according to the watchdogs of Wikipedia, an encyclopedia entry should be written in a staid, no-feelings-seen-no-bias-shown manner. Boring. That’s why nobody reads the encyclopedia. And yes, I now understand Wikipedia doesn’t want to be read either! That is to say, like all the other encyclopedia makers, they don’t want their sentences to be relaxed; they are not trying to impart knowledge on the reader – they are merely trying to impress him with their erudition. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Now, repeat after me, say ‘PS,’ – what I’m trying to do is get you to relax. You can’t be creative if you can’t relax. ‘PS comma’ is a non-threatening, low-cholesterol, high-energy diet that when you get a taste of it in your mouth you’ll want to experience it again and again. It’s a highly consumable non-consumable. This is a case where you can have your cake and eat it too.<b></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>‘PS comma’ – yes. Don’t underestimate the comma. We are told by the English Language Centre Study Zone of the University of Victoria in British Columbia, Canada: ‘The comma ‘is <a href="http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/StudyZone/330/grammar/comma.htm">one of the most important punctuation marks in English</a>’ (web2.uvcs.uvic.ca). Aren’t they all? </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Look at my strange-looking title again; today, I have come up with a Writer’s Unblock, a radical use of the comma, as the comma in ‘PS,’ is a come-on, <b>an invitation to a dance of the mind</b>, an encouragement to come up with 13 new blades of ideas where none grew before. The comma in ‘PS,’ means, in brief: ‘What else?’ The comma asks you: ‘What else can you <i>see</i>? What else can you <i>not</i> see? What else <i>is</i> there? What else is <i>not</i> there? What else can be done? What else can <i>not</i> be done? What else do people say? What else do people not say? Etcetera.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>In my previous essay, ‘<a href="http://frankahilario.com//?p=365">A Thinker’s Faith</a>’ that I uploaded yesterday, I gave you 30 examples of how to use ‘PS’ as a device for creative thinking, accompanied with a colon – ‘PS:’ An unfortunate incident, I realize that now. As a device for thinking, the colon is not really a come-on to start with but a warning to stop and think more logically, which was not my intention. To begin to think logically is to stop to think creatively.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>And now let me put to the test my ‘PS,’ mantra, and try to generate as many entry points to begin to write as many creative essays as I can from a bit of unpromising news. <b>ABL Lorenzo</b> reports on the uncertain situation on the supply of rice for us Filipinos (March 24, gmanews.tv):</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span>The government is <a href="http://www.gmanews.tv/story/85876/Govt-to-boost-rice-spending">looking to boost spending on rice</a> to ensure a sufficient supply of the staple, Finance Secretary Margarito B Teves said. ¶ The country’s economic managers, the finance chief said, would be meeting with Agriculture Secretary Arthur C Yap to discuss measures to prevent a rice shortage and keep prices under control.</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Applying now my mantra, I can write at least 13 different happy/sad essays (I prefer <i>happy</i>) on the basis of only those 2 sentences I have quoted of the discouraging news: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(1)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i><span>PS, what happens when you ‘boost spending on rice’ – and what exactly does the phrase mean? Given the same budget, when you boost spending on A, you inhibit spending on B, right? </span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(2)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span>PS, how do you predict a rice shortage? Don’t tell me there is only one formula for computing. Whose formula are you going to use? Why?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(3)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i><span>PS, where is the supply of rice coming from today, in and out of the country? Why not instead boost the growing of more rice on idle lands? (100 days and you have a harvest.)</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(4)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span>PS, what is ‘a sufficient supply’ of rice anyway? Why do we have an impending rice shortage now when we didn’t have such in the last 100 years? Is this the effect of Typhoon Milenyo?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(5)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i><span>PS, how much are we spending now for rice, and how much for French fries? Or Shakey’s pizza? Or Kentucky fried chicken? </span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(6)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span>PS, why are they saying ‘rice shortage’ – are they trying to scare us people? When was the last time there was panic buying in the Philippines because of a shortage predicted or suggested?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(7)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i><span>PS, why can’t we simply import rice from Vietnam or China or India maybe? How much can we afford to import?</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(8)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span>PS, how do you keep the price of a basic commodity like rice under control? If you say you can do that, can you give a historical example? What happens to the growers of rice?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(9)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i><span>PS, the country’s economic manager: Do they really agree on what to do? Why or why not? How much really can they do? What about the economic law of supply and demand?</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(10)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span>PS, what’s the relationship between the population of the Philippines and the impending rice shortage? Can you relate the two scientifically – and convincingly?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(11)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i><span>PS, why can’t we eat corn instead? Or rice with corn? (It tastes nice, really.)</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(12)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span>PS, why can’t we stop importing corn and import rice instead? (The poultry raisers will get mad, I can imagine.)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(13)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i><span>PS, why can’t we reduce the cost of producing rice by using less and less fertilizers and pesticides and still harvest more and more? (When scientists disagree, what is the intelligent farmer to do?)</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>So: With ‘PS,’ as my mantra, I can generate 13 beginnings of 13 essays on the basis of bad news. Watch out when I work that magic spell on some good news!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span>So: Look at the title of this little essay on my own creative mantra again. It suggests an engagement yet to be consummated, doesn’t it? I like my mantra to be like that. What else? Listen to the Beatles sing their greatest song, ‘PS, I love you.’ This one is a standing invitation to a dance. RSVP.</span></b></p>
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			<media:title type="html">Frank</media:title>
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		<title>A Writer&#8217;s Faith.</title>
		<link>http://thefranciscanmirror.wordpress.com/2008/03/23/a-thinkers-faith/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 23 Mar 2008 03:48:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>frankahilario</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Rebel Thinker Writes, ‘PS, I Love You’ This is Chapter 4 of my book Rebel Thinker Writer&#8217;s Guide For Non-Dummies (Chapter 3 is ‘Serendipity X,’ frankahilario.com). This new chapter is about how I can teach you to start writing with &#8230; <a href="http://thefranciscanmirror.wordpress.com/2008/03/23/a-thinkers-faith/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a><img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=thefranciscanmirror.wordpress.com&amp;blog=3248004&amp;post=4&amp;subd=thefranciscanmirror&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:12pt;"><span style="font-size:16pt;color:blue;">Rebel Thinker Writes, ‘PS, I Love You’</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <a href="http://thefranciscanmirror.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/a-writers-faith-248.jpg" title="a-writers-faith-248.jpg"><img src="http://thefranciscanmirror.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/a-writers-faith-248.jpg?w=500" alt="a-writers-faith-248.jpg" /></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><b><span>This is Chapter 4 of my book <i>Rebel Thinker Writer&#8217;s Guide For Non-Dummies</i> (Chapter 3 is ‘</span></b></span><a href="http://frankahilario.com/?p=357"><span><b><u><span>Serendipity X</span></u></b></span><span></span></a><span><b><span>,’ frankahilario.com). This new chapter is about how I can teach you to start writing with a great idea when you have no idea to begin with in the first place!</span></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>I want the best for you. And how am I going to give you that? Today, I shall give you a <i>mantra</i>, the likes of which you’ve never seen before – and neither have I, since I just invented it today – the magic of which you don’t have to imagine after this. I was creative <i>without</i> the mantra, but now that it’s here, I might as well employ it to enjoy it more myself.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>A mantra is a word, a chant, an incantation, or a magic spell. So, let me create some atmosphere, as in a circus. I imagine great writing is a great circus act where there is always magic.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>We’re into science, but since I’m writing about creative writing, we can learn from being creative even from those in the arts. ‘The Artist’s Way’ is the million-dollar technique that <b>Julia Cameron</b> teaches in her book of that same title; Julia’s way to creativity is for you to write in your journal at your ‘best’ time of day, and to be religious about the habit. The book is a million-copy bestseller (</span></span><a href="http://www.artistswayatwork.com/"><span><span>artistswayatwork.com</span></span><span></span></a><span><span>)<i>.</i> The lesson? Creative writing is yours if you want it.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>What’s in a name? That which we call <i>blogging</i> by any other name would be <i>journaling</i>. Journaling by itself is getting to be a habit in religion, with Ms <b>Luann Budd</b>, Professor of the San Jose State University in California encouraging the youth to write their own spiritual journals, coming out with her book <b>Journal Keeping: Writing For Spiritual Growth </b>(Karen Anne C Liquete, <i>Manila Bulletin</i>, March 19, 2008, E-1; read more of it here in </span></span><a href="http://www.journalkeeping.org/aboutbook.htm"><span><span>journalkeeping.org</span></span><span></span></a><span><span>). With Luann, learning to write has just become essentially learning to grow in the Holy Spirit – a most creative way. The lesson? Creative writing is as spiritual as you make it.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>Luann says:</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><i><span>If we write about our problems, we may come up with solutions that never occurred to us until we wrote about (them). I think that our brains are a little like computers and problems can fill up our RAM and keep us from being able to process information. When we write about our problems, we are freeing up RAM. We can think more clearly about our problems.</span></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>I like Luann’s metaphor of the RAM (random access memory) for the brain, because if your computer’s RAM fills up, your <b>Windows</b> freezes and you can’t do anything until you stop everything and start all over again – Reboot!</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>I must say, with serenpendity, Luann Budd has discovered a new entry point to writing in a manner creative, and that is <i>spirituality</i>, in which traveling the road is re-creative.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><i><span>The most important thing is to just start writing … (we’ll) figure out what (we) need to write about as (we) go. It’s funny how once we start keeping a journal, ideas for what we want to write about will come to mind as we are doing other things – like taking a shower or doing the dishes. The best way to start is to just begin – once we see the benefit it brings to us, we’ll want to continue the practice.</span></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>That book was published in 2002. I just surfed and found in amazon.com that there are other journaling-for-spiritual-growth books out there. This one targets the youth, since Luann has a </span></span><a href="http://www.journalkeeping.org/aboutauthor.htm"><span><span>Youth Ministry for New Life Covenant Church</span></span><span></span></a><span><span> in San Jose, California. I can see that before this decade ends, any number of journaling young readers will come out with their own books that will surprise the world.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>Me, I’m 68 and anyway I’m too lazy to keep a journal going, even if I can easily type everything on my laptop computer – I’ve been typing for half a century now, starting with my laptop typewriter, and I’m a touch-typist and the fastest I’ve seen. You don’t need the computer to come out with a great idea. (To come out with a great essay? That’s a different story.) I know because I’ve never run out of ideas since high school just a little more than 50 years ago; I know I’m crazily, happily creative – so I’d like to share with you my technique for generating one after another ideas for the beginning of a great article (even if it’s only a tentative title, or theme, or topic, or theory, or assumption, or subject, or focus). That is to say, what I always do is this: <i>To generate ideas,</i> <i>I make one paradigm shift after another</i>.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>And how do I do that? The process I’ve already called ‘</span></span><a href="http://frankahilario.com/?p=357"><span><span>Serendipity X</span></span><span></span></a><span><span>,’ my fooling around with ideas to come up creative. I play with my mind like my mind plays tricks on me when I’m sleeping: I’m flying, I’m dying, I’m having a wet dream, I’m doing this or that which I do not do when I’m awake – and most of the time I enjoy my dreams. Your mind is creative when you allow it to be. If you have doubts that my Serendipity X works, my creation of the mantra itself should be proof enough.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>Serendipity is accidental creativity; how exactly do I make Serendipity X, or incidental creativity, work for me? What’s my device? How do I summon my X Muse? What’s my technique?</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>First, let me tell you about <b>Ray Bradbury</b>, who prompts his creative instincts using <i>word association</i>, working with unrelated words that don’t make sense being simply listed one after the other, and then he makes sense of it all by linking the words in a story out of the blue, even out of this world. Like listing the words <i>crocodile blue cause road trick mat shine </i>like that and making up a story going like, ‘It was a blue crocodile that caused a road to sag and a trick to run, that is, to make the mat shine’ – you’re beginning to get a hang of it.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>I admire him for his imagination and his language; I can’t forget his ‘Live forever!’</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><i><span>I had been to see Mr Electrico the night before. When he reached me, he pointed his sword at my head and touched my brow. The electricity rushed down the sword, inside my skull, made my hair stand up and sparks fly out of my ears. He then shouted at me, ‘</span></i></span><a href="http://www.raybradbury.com/inhiswords02.html"><span><i><u><span>Live forever!</span></u></i></span><span></span></a><span><i><span>’ </span></i><span>(raybradbury.com)<i></i></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>Come to think of it, although I have given it neither a name nor described it as a teachable, workable method till now, my creativity technique is the exact opposite of Ray Bradbury’s word association – I shall describe it here as <i>word dissociation</i>, where with a group of related words (ideas for the article), I change perspective and the thought that comes out is (ultimately) sensible but has been <i>neither directly suggested nor made obvious</i> by any of the earlier ideas. You don’t get it? Don’t worry; I have many examples, below.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>Thinking more, writing better, how to make writing about technology a little more creative, popularizing science: I am enthralled and enthused by it all. It is not only the science, not only the sense, but more so <i>that seduction, that attraction</i>, and in the proper atmosphere even <i>that fecal attraction</i> – and that’s not bullshit. You can make excellent compost using horse manure, or fish feed out of poultry manure. And I can teach you how to make an excellent essay out of unattractive information that others would rather pass by. Your feat is my faith.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>In the title, I did write, ‘PS, I love you.’ It happens that <i>that</i> is one of the most likeable songs of the Beatles, and I like the Beatles; they did not originate the quotable quote, but, </span></span><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3w6FmuzSzEQ"><span><span>according to IanMotha</span></span><span></span></a><span><span>:</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><i><span>It’s been said that ‘PS, I Love You’ was the greatest Beatles song, because in this song (is) everything the Beatles (used): their span, 7ths, minors, half steps and the Great vocal harmony between Lennon (and) McCartney.</span></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>I don’t understand music, but I understand that song. And <i>that</i> just happens to be the mantra I promised you: ‘PS, I love you.’ You see, this title of a song is also an acronym. It means, ‘Paradigm shift, I look over you, the obvious.’ <i>Paradigm shift </i>because to move from a critical to a creative mode, you have to change your point of view – already, the comedians do that, each joke being a fillip of the mind. <i>I look over the obvious</i> (that is, the logical) because that brings you back to the need to suspend your belief in the workings of the logical mind (critical spirit) and anchor your faith in the creative spirit. You have to believe!</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>That brings us to <b>Edward de Bono</b>’s device for creative thinking, the ‘Po’ (see also my ‘To All The Dummies In The World. Or, </span></span><a href="http://frankahilario.com/?p=101"><span><i><span>De Bono Debugged</span></i></span><span></span></a><span><span>,’ frankahilario.com). In a brainstorming session, with others or with you alone, you say ‘Po’ and change the mood so that everyone accepts even outlandish, crazy ideas to help you come up with a brilliant one. I first read about ‘Po,’ thanks to my good friend <b>Orli Ochosa</b>’s gift to me of de Bono’s book <b>The Mechanism Of Mind</b>,<b> </b>in 1975. I thought it was one man’s great contribution to the art of creative thinking.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>Some 33 years later, I’m going to make my own contribution to creative thinking, beginning with science writing. Today, March 21, Good Friday, marks a death, the end of the earthly existence of a Great Mind Above All Others, that of Jesus Christ, which set off a paradigm shift from death to life. I’m glad to announce that today marks a birth, that of a humble sound, ‘PS’ (derived from ‘PS, I love you’), which I hope will <i>at will</i> start a paradigm shift from a despaired mood of thinking called <i>critical</i> to an inspired mood of thinking called <i>creative</i>, from life to <i>more</i> life. The difference is like this: If you call for <i>truth</i>, you are critical; if you call for <i>fruit</i>, you are creative. Beyond truth, PS is beyond Po; it is also much <i>simpler</i> – almost, yes, <i>literal</i>.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>PS is my new theory; PS is your new practice.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>I look at science writing as fulfilling a need, but not simply filling a real or imagined lack of knowledge. Remembering that, for your PS practice, I give you now quite a number of examples of thinking with a mantra, each numbered paragraph being of two major parts, each one being a paradigm shift. The first part is your possible topic, or theme, or theory, or assumption, or subject, or focus transformed as a <i>lack of </i>(‘Lo’) – that’s the first PS. The second part is made up of questions and/or assertions that further change your point of view and should give you more ideas how and what to write about – that’s the second PS. That is to say, ‘PS’ is the <i>device</i> and ‘Lo’ is the <i>trigger</i> for the PS to happen. I guarantee it.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>Remember, you are writing for the poor. You are a popularizer of science or technology in a specific society; you are going to write about the theory &amp; practice of informational, or political, or economic, or social, or environmental, or natural science in that particular society such as about the lack of (Lo):</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(1)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo family planning</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Don’t look at me – I have 12 children, 1 wife, zero extra-marital affairs. We have a very small house, about 100 square meters floor space; that’s not overpopulation, is it? Look at the US and Japan; they have millions of poor, don’t they, and they are not overpopulated, are they? It’s a poor writer who blames poverty to the numbers, not the system. Rather, think about how the system can be changed and write about <i>that</i>. And where does change begin? With the one who wants change to begin.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(2)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo access to media</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: What about Lo <i>appeal to media</i>? Have you in fact written about your science (hardware or software) as a package that is as attractive to media as it can be? If the media are not paying attention to you, you are not paying attention to them. How about Lo <i>appeal to the poor</i> who are your target readers? To make the poor pay attention to you, pay attention to them first.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(3)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo retention in memory</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Are you teaching them simply to memorize, or are you teaching them to learn how to do it themselves (hands-on), to learn how to think for themselves (heads-on)? Teach a man how to memorize, and he’ll have a word for a day; teach a man how to learn, and he’ll have knowledge for a lifetime.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(4)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo books</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Is the need really for more books or is it for more people to want to know more? Is the problem lack of reading materials or the lack of a reading culture? Do you build a bigger library of books or a bigger library of CDs and more PCs connected to the Internet? The need for books is nothing compared to the need for learning.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(5)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo credibility of the village leader</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: What do you mean by <i>credibility</i>? Can you differentiate credibility from <i>integrity</i>? Is low credibility the problem at all? You’re assuming that those who question the credibility of the leader have credibility themselves, have integrity. It takes a village to know a leader.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(6)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo ambition among the people</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: When did low ambition of poor people get in the way of village growth or, for that matter, high ambition of rich people? It does not necessarily mean that the poor have low ambition in life. Everything is relative; so is ambition.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(7)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo knowledge of the technology</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: You are assuming that the people would wish to use your technology if they knew more about it. Write if you can about a technology that was adopted by more people <i>after</i> they learned more about it. Can you compare the new with the old? Is the technology coming from above, or from a need? If you cannot relate to the need, you cannot relate to the people.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(8)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo capital</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Big businessman or small farmer, the problem may be lack of access to credit. How can the poor farmer have access to credit without collateral? Change the problem: Let the village be his collateral – in the person of a credit union or a cooperative. Is capital the problem or the entrepreneur himself? I know of someone back home holding 100 titles of land himself and cannot raise capital.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(9)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">     </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo education</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Lack of education is a convenient excuse for failure to market science in a village. Failing to convince them of the value of your technology, you may have been talking to them in the wrong <i>language</i> – talking above their head, or not having understood their need at all. It takes a villager to know a village.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(10)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo supply of affordable fertilizer</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Why not make your own organic fertilizer? Do you need to fertilize the soil at all? What about raising crops that do not need those fancy and expensive chemical fertilizers and pesticides? You cannot equate your expensive taste with that of poor farmers.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(11)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo feeds for poultry or livestock</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: What about substitute ingredients in the feeds? What about <i>not</i> growing those imported species and instead raising native chickens and pigs? In business, they would call that <i>reducing risk.</i></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(12)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo poultry manure for composting into organic fertilizer</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Do you need composting at all? Why not practice green manuring, that is to say, mix the soil and vegetation on top of the earth so that it makes an on-the-spot organic fertilizer? No additional expenses. For those who have the entrepreneurial spirit, they can market the green-manured soil as a different kind of fertilizer. Or a different kind of soil.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(13)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo quality of produce</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Is the use of science-recommended planting materials the solution? What about postharvest handling? What about looking for a market for low-quality produce – such as transforming it into a consumer product where quality can be added? If you cannot solve a problem, change the problem.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(14)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo rate of passing</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Are the teachers to blame for teaching poorly or the students for learning badly? Why insist on teaching in the national language when English is the universal, intellectual, commercial language? Unless of course you don’t want the people to learn more than they already know.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(15)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo germination percentage</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Is there an economic advantage where 95 seeds germinate out of 100 and where only 75 germinate? Is the seed the best way to plant the crop at all? This adage is <i>not</i> true: ‘Kung ano ang puno ay siya ang bunga.’ ‘The fruit is what the tree is.’ False. From seeds of sweet mango, you can get sour mango. That’s genetics and it’s not debatable.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(16)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo high yield</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Why is it that plant breeders insist that farmers plant the highest-yielding varieties of all? If with a high yield the farmer becomes rich, why are there so few rich farmers? The problem with economists is that they are always after the maximum and expect that to be sustainable!</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(17)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo communication between science and clientele</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Are the communicators talking the language of the farmers and yet are not communicating at all? Do the communicators expect that after one article, one brochure and one visit, the farmer will wholeheartedly embrace the new technology? Communicator, remember that you are not talking to the farmer alone – you are talking to him and his family. Are you listening?</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(18)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo good moral character of farmer creditors. </span></i><u><span>PS</span></u><span>: Many farmers have so far refused to repay their loans. Are you sure it’s not the negative attitude toward borrowed money or toward borrowing from the government? If you make borrowing easy, you make paying difficult.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(19)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo number of Internet searches about farming</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: What about people’s knowledge of technical terms? What about the store of knowledge being difficult to understand even by other scientists, much less by the farmers themselves? Communication is too serious a matter to be left to scientists alone.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(20)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo vocabulary</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: If you want to be a good writer, the popular advice is that you should build a good vocabulary. They say that goes with public speaking, teaching. Not anymore, if you are computer literate, what with the dictionary and the thesaurus available online. Nowadays, I’m never off the desk using my new HP Compaq Presario notebook clicking on the shortcut icon for <b>American Heritage </b>(Microsoft Bookshelf 2000), which is a dictionary, and <b>Encarta 2007 </b>(Microsoft 2007), which has a thesaurus. You use the dictionary to find the <i>meaning</i> of a word; you use the thesaurus to find a <i>synonym</i> of a word; more importantly, to look for a <i>related</i> word in a particular field such as <i>hammer &amp; nail</i> in carpentry and <i>stock &amp; scion</i> in horticulture (see the <b>Roget’s Thesaurus</b> near you). As a writer, your vocabulary is not a problem if already it includes <i>curiosity</i>.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(21)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo technology</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: What do you mean by <i>technology </i>anyway? Do you know if the technology currently used has no competitive advantage at all? Do you know where it is different, where it is deficient? What does it mean for the user to shuck the old in favor of the new? What does the technology mean to the village where it is being introduced? Borrowing from Marshall McLuhan, remember that the technology is the message.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(22)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo reading materials in the village</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: If some people brought in more, will the villagers read more and the students learn more science? You cannot learn science in a vacuum – if people are not relating to your science, you are not relating to the people.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(23)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo one-stop reference online</span></i><span>. If you cause to be created the <i>My Milky Way</i> website, will farmers flock to the Internet and learn to raise goats for milk to drink or sell? Is My Milky Way using the language of the target villagers or that which technical people use to talk to each other? If the people are not relating to the website, the website is not relating to them.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(24)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo interest of youth in technical courses</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Is the problem that of certain youth or that of the society itself because society looks down on graduates of vocational courses as belonging to a class lower than that of a secretary in an air-conditioned office? We get the youth that we deserve.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(25)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo computers</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: It’s lack of access, not lack of PCs. If people in villages lack access to computers, I attribute it to lack of imagination. And why is that? Some people don’t know how to package a proposal so that their village center or school will be computerized in almost no time at all and with very little expense and effort on their part. There are many local and international donors and funding agencies. All you have to do is learn how to ask.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(26)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo mass media cooperation</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Are the media people educated on your art or science? Have they heard from your office or project at all? Have you related your product or service to them? Ask the eternal question: ‘What’s in it for you?’ Translation: ‘What’s in it for them?’ Remember, the media people have to be taught too.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(27)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo people power to improve their own lives</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Are you sure empowerment is the answer? Using Abraham Maslow’s <i>hierarchy of needs</i>, you must then first help satisfy the people’s physiological needs, then satisfy their safety needs, then satisfy their needs of love, affection and belongingness, then satisfy their needs for esteem, and then and only then satisfy their need for ‘self-actualization.’ Otherwise, you’re simply irrelevant.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(28)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo competence in implementing a project</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: In the first place, what are your criteria for measuring competence? Has the project been initiated by the people or by the experts, then merely handed over to the people, expecting a miracle in management? If the student has not learned, the teacher has not taught.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(29)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo confidence of villagers in themselves</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: Lack of confidence comes from either ignorance or bullying. How to fight ignorance? Education. <u>PS</u>: How to fight the bullying, the prejudice? Good question! Remember also: Bullying sometimes come from the experts in an atmosphere called <i>consultancy</i>.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0.25in;"><span><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size:8pt;"><span>(30)<span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;">  </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span>Lo intelligence of readers</span></i><span>. <u>PS</u>: That depends on how you look at <i>intelligence </i>– single intelligence (measured as intelligence quotient or IQ, as propounded by Stanford psychologist <b>Lewis Terman</b>), or multiple intelligences (measured as linguistic, spatial, logical-mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, naturalist, existential, as propounded by Harvard psychologist <b>Howard Gardner</b>). If you look at intelligence only one way, then intelligence is not one of your virtues.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><i><span>‘PS, I love you’ is all about thinking creatively, not simply thinking critically. In your writing, always think to be productive, not counter-productive. Think to be constructive, not destructive. At the very least, think to be inventive, but not invective.</span></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><b><span>In the arts or sciences, working in any mass medium, your greatest contribution to society is your thinking, which is ultimately reflected in your essay, editorial, commentary, column, blog.</span></b></span><b><span> The writer’s fate is writing; this writer’s faith is thinking the best.</span></b></p>
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